{"id":3001,"date":"2014-09-04T12:53:28","date_gmt":"2014-09-04T12:53:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lettropolis.fr\/Blog\/?p=3001"},"modified":"2014-09-05T15:50:47","modified_gmt":"2014-09-05T15:50:47","slug":"arles-les-alyscamps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.lettropolis.fr\/Blog\/2014\/09\/04\/arles-les-alyscamps\/","title":{"rendered":"DANS ARLES&#8230; LES ALYSCAMPS"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\n<div id=\"attachment_3002\" style=\"width: 252px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lettropolis.fr\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/LES-ALYSCAMPS.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3002\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3002\" src=\"http:\/\/www.lettropolis.fr\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/LES-ALYSCAMPS-242x300.jpg\" alt=\"LES ALYSCAMPS, VAN GOGH\" width=\"242\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.lettropolis.fr\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/LES-ALYSCAMPS-242x300.jpg 242w, http:\/\/www.lettropolis.fr\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/LES-ALYSCAMPS.jpg 280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 242px) 100vw, 242px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-3002\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">LES ALYSCAMPS, VAN GOGH<\/p><\/div>\n<h1 class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/h1>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\">Le 3 f\u00e9vrier 2012 j&#8217;annon\u00e7ais sur ce blog une conf\u00e9rence du po\u00e8te Daniel Ancelet sur son coll\u00e8gue Paul-Jean Toulet, l&#8217;auteur \u2013 entre autres \u2013 des c\u00e9l\u00e8bres <i>Contrerimes<\/i>. Pour m\u00e9moire, j&#8217;y donnais le classique\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Dans Arles, o\u00f9 sont les Alyscamps&#8230;\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\">La semaine derni\u00e8re, je re\u00e7ois un commentaire qui me demande, tr\u00e8s poliment, de corriger deux erreurs dans cette copie\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\">\u00e9crire <i>Aliscams<\/i> et non <i>Alyscamps<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\">\u00e9crire <i>Arle<\/i> et non <i>Arles<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\">Une demande polie, un peu m\u00e9canique (retrouv\u00e9e \u00e0 l&#8217;identique sur le web), \u00e9tonnante, voil\u00e0 qui pousse \u00e0 la r\u00e9flexion.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-weight: normal; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">Concernant la correction manuelle de Toulet sur le \u00ab\u00a0tapuscrit\u00a0\u00bb, j&#8217;ai tendance \u00e0 penser qu&#8217;il devait s&#8217;agir des \u00e9preuves, mais passons\u00a0! <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-weight: normal; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">Plus important est de consid\u00e9rer les corrections demand\u00e9es qui concernent un <\/span><i>i <\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">pour un <\/span><i>y<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\"> et un <\/span><i>p<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\"> \u00e0 supprimer, ainsi qu&#8217;un <\/span><i>s<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\"> pour Arles. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-weight: normal; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">Et plus encore, pourquoi\u00a0? Oui, pourquoi un auteur impose-t-il une graphie, sinon d\u00e9faillante, du moins plus qu&#8217;inhabituelle\u00a0?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-style: normal; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><b>\u00c9crire Aliscams et non Alyscamps\u00a0?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\">Consid\u00e9rons les deux modifications dans ce mot\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><b><i>&#8211; Alyscamps ou Alyscams\u00a0?<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">Le mot <\/span><i>Alyscamps<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\"> provient de <\/span><i>Alysii campi<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">, (originellement <\/span><i>Elysii campi<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">) les <\/span><i>Champs \u00c9lys\u00e9es <\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">(domaine des morts valeureux) et pour peu qu&#8217;on tienne \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9tymologie, il n&#8217;y a pas de raison de supprimer ce fameux <\/span><i>p<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">. Toulet poss\u00e9dant une vaste culture, on imagine mal le po\u00e8te se muer en r\u00e9formateur dysgraphique \u00e0 la mode Haby \u00e9duc&#8217; nat&#8217;.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">Il est plus raisonnable de penser que Paul-Jean Toulet se r\u00e9f\u00e9rait \u00e0 une graphie occitane. Le terme <\/span><i>Alyscams<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\"> est attest\u00e9 tant dans les diff\u00e9rents sites occitans que par Boucoiran dans son <\/span><i>Dictionnaire analogique des idiomes m\u00e9ridionaux<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">\u00a0<a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a>. Il cite lui-m\u00eame Canonge\u00a0(1867) : <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\">D&#8217;aqu\u00e8u jour pertout lou vegueron,<br \/>\nGai coumo au tems de si vint ans\u00a0;<br \/>\nSabien pas, li que s&#8217;estouneron,<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-style: normal;\">\u00c7<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">o qu&#8217;es lou m\u00e9u di z&#8217;Alyscams\u00a0!<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">Si nous suivons cette piste et supprimons le <\/span><i>p<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">, reste la deuxi\u00e8me question\u00a0:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><i><b>Alyscams ou Aliscams\u00a0?<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\">L&#8217;id\u00e9e nous est venue de retrouver le fameux Jules Canonge (1812-1870) \u00e9crivain auteur d&#8217;un l\u00e9gendaire arl\u00e9sien intitul\u00e9 <i>Brune-la-Blonde <\/i>ou<i> La Gardienne des Aliscamps (La Gardiano dis Aliscamp)\u00a0<a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote2sym\" name=\"sdfootnote2anc\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\">Surprise\u00a0! Apparition du <i>i<\/i> rempla\u00e7ant le <i>y<\/i>, mais r\u00e9apparition du <i>p<\/i> que l&#8217;on pensait avoir enterr\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce aux r\u00e9f\u00e9rences pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes, et suppression du <i>s<\/i> final en langue d&#8217;Oc, repris quelques pages plus loin, au d\u00e9but de l&#8217;histoire\u00a0(avant de redispara\u00eetre plus tard&#8230;)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\">Dis Aliscamps s&#8217;av\u00e8s pa vis<br \/>\nLa gardiano jouino \u00e9 poulido<br \/>\nBruno-la-Bloundo, m&#8217;es d&#8217;avis<br \/>\nQu\u00e9 sab\u00e8s pa \u00e7o qu&#8217;es la vido.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\">Des Aliscamps si vous n&#8217;avez pas vu<br \/>\nLa gardienne jeune et charmante,<br \/>\nBrune-la-Blonde, il m&#8217;est avis<br \/>\nQue vous ne savez pas ce qu&#8217;est la vie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-style: normal;\"><b>\u00c9crire <\/b><\/span><i><b>Arle<\/b><\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\"><b> et non <\/b><\/span><i><b>Arles\u00a0?<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman,serif;\"><span style=\"font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-weight: normal;\">Ici, notre commentateur se veut plus pr\u00e9cis\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>sans S \u00e0 Arles pour \u00e9viter d\u2019ajouter une neuvi\u00e8me syllabe dans un po\u00e8me en octosyllabes\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Acceptons&#8230; momentan\u00e9ment, mais r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissons.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Il est bien certain que ce vers est octosyllabique (le vers et non le po\u00e8me en sa totalit\u00e9\u00a0!). Il est non moins certain que ce compte des syllabes, en fran\u00e7ais doit tenir compte du <i>e muet<\/i>, ce terrible <i>e <\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">dit<\/span><i> muet, <\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">caract\u00e9ristique du g\u00e9nie de la langue, car associ\u00e9 \u00e0 ses liaisons, et donc, dans le cas de la po\u00e9sie, au compte des syllabes d\u00e9clam\u00e9es et \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9quilibre audible des vers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">La m\u00e9trique s&#8217;en tient aux r\u00e8gles suivantes\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">le <\/span><i>e<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\"> final d&#8217;un vers ne compte jamais,<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">le <\/span><i>e<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\"> final d&#8217;un mot situ\u00e9 dans le corps d&#8217;un vers compte s&#8217;il est suivi d&#8217;une consonne<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">le <\/span><i>e<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\"> final d&#8217;un mot situ\u00e9 dans le corps d&#8217;un vers ne compte pas s&#8217;il est suivi d&#8217;une voyelle.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">C&#8217;est \u00e0 cette derni\u00e8re r\u00e8gle que se r\u00e9f\u00e8re notre commentateur pour expliquer <\/span><i>Arle<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\"> et non <\/span><i>Arles<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">. Mais cela ne tient pas, car, la m\u00e9trique sert d&#8217;abord \u00e0 d\u00e9clamer un po\u00e8me et non \u00e0 l&#8217;orthographier, sinon il faudrait distinguer graphiquement les di\u00e9r\u00e8ses et syn\u00e9r\u00e8ses. (Je laisse de c\u00f4t\u00e9 le cas r\u00e9siduel du mot <\/span><i>encor&#8217;<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">). <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">En effet qui, parlant un bon fran\u00e7ais, prononcerait <\/span><i>Dans Arles z&#8217;o\u00f9..<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">.\u00a0? Et quel amateur de po\u00e9sie, forcerait \u00e0 l&#8217;extr\u00eame un accent local jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0Arleu\u00a0\u00bb ou \u00ab\u00a0Arlesse\u00a0\u00bb, pour rajouter une neuvi\u00e8me syllabe\u00a0? En quelque sorte, il faut prononcer le nom Arles <\/span><i>\u00e0 la fran\u00e7aise (arl) <\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">sans n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d&#8217;en modifier l&#8217;orthographe pour que le vers reste octosyllabique. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">Or Toulet avait insist\u00e9 pour \u00e9crire \u2013 je dis bien \u00e9crire et non d\u00e9clamer \u2013 <\/span><i>Aliscams<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\"> \u00e0 l&#8217;occitane. S&#8217;il y a une raison pour \u00e9crire <\/span><i>Arle<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\"> et non <\/span><i>Arles<\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">, c&#8217;est la m\u00eame. Preuve en est, la distinction tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9cise\u00a0du Cercle occitan du pays d&#8217;Arles qui se d\u00e9cline en <\/span><i>Ceucle occitan dau pais d&#8217;Arle <\/i><span style=\"font-style: normal;\">(consultable sur internet). Et, autre preuve, la pr\u00e9sentation de Jule Canonge, auteur d&#8217;Arles-en-France, autrement dit en occitan\u00a0: Juli Canounge (qu&#8217;a fa Arle-en-Fran\u00e7o).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-style: normal; text-align: justify;\"><b>Alors, le po\u00e8me\u00a0?<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-style: normal; text-align: justify;\">Dans les deux cas, et malgr\u00e9 quelques divergences pour le premier, les graphies <i>Aliscams<\/i> et <i>Arle<\/i> approfondissent la pens\u00e9e de Toulet, l&#8217;approche vers l&#8217;origine occitane. C&#8217;est pourquoi la correction s&#8217;impose, dans le corps du po\u00e8me, pour respecter l&#8217;esprit du po\u00e8te.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-style: normal; text-align: justify;\">Ailleurs, nous reprendrons les formes fran\u00e7aises. Une explication pr\u00e9cise est toujours pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-style: normal; text-align: center;\" align=\"CENTER\">Dans Arles, o\u00f9 sont les Aliscams,<br \/>\nQuand l&#8217;ombre est rouge, sous les roses,<br \/>\nEt clair le temps,<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-style: normal; text-align: center;\" align=\"CENTER\">Prends garde \u00e0 la douceur des choses.<br \/>\nLorsque tu sens battre sans cause<br \/>\nTon coeur trop lourd ;<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-style: normal; text-align: center;\" align=\"CENTER\">Et que se taisent les colombes :<br \/>\nParle tout bas, si c&#8217;est d&#8217;amour,<br \/>\nAu bord des tombes.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"font-style: normal; text-align: left;\" align=\"CENTER\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lettropolis.fr\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/LA-GARDIENNE-DES-ALISCAMPS.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3010\" src=\"http:\/\/www.lettropolis.fr\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/LA-GARDIENNE-DES-ALISCAMPS-209x300.jpg\" alt=\"LA GARDIENNE DES ALISCAMPS\" width=\"209\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.lettropolis.fr\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/LA-GARDIENNE-DES-ALISCAMPS-209x300.jpg 209w, http:\/\/www.lettropolis.fr\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/LA-GARDIENNE-DES-ALISCAMPS.jpg 466w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 209px) 100vw, 209px\" \/><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3011 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/www.lettropolis.fr\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/LA-GARDIANO-DIS-ALISCAMP-211x300.jpg\" alt=\"LA GARDIANO DIS ALISCAMP\" width=\"211\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.lettropolis.fr\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/LA-GARDIANO-DIS-ALISCAMP-211x300.jpg 211w, http:\/\/www.lettropolis.fr\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/LA-GARDIANO-DIS-ALISCAMP.jpg 436w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 211px) 100vw, 211px\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote1\">\n<p class=\"sdfootnote\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\">1<\/a>\u00a0: Paris, Leipzig, 1898, H. Welter \u00e9diteur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote2\">\n<p class=\"sdfootnote\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote2anc\" name=\"sdfootnote2sym\">2<\/a>\u00a0: Avignon, Roumanille, Libraire-\u00e9diteur, 1868<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 Le 3 f\u00e9vrier 2012 j&#8217;annon\u00e7ais sur ce blog une conf\u00e9rence du po\u00e8te Daniel Ancelet sur son coll\u00e8gue Paul-Jean Toulet, l&#8217;auteur \u2013 entre autres \u2013 des c\u00e9l\u00e8bres Contrerimes. Pour m\u00e9moire, j&#8217;y donnais le classique\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Dans Arles, o\u00f9 sont les Alyscamps&#8230;\u00a0\u00bb &hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lettropolis.fr\/Blog\/2014\/09\/04\/arles-les-alyscamps\/\">Suite <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_s2mail":"yes","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3001","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-r2","category-r21"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>DANS ARLES... LES ALYSCAMPS - Lettropolis<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Alyscamps, ou Aliscams ? Arles ou Arle ? 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